The narrative short form is not only a dying art, it is an elusive one as well. One primary reason – structure. Short films are not mini features. You cannot apply the same blue print to a 3-minute short as you would to a 2-hour film. On top of that, I think there are huge differences between the types of stories that can be told in 30 seconds versus 30 minutes. Just think of commercials versus television… but that is a whole other topic. Right now I want to examine some of the 5-7 minute segments from PARIS JE T’AIME and explain why few worked while others failed.
Spoiler Alert: I’m about to reveal story points from PARIS JE T’AIME; reader be warned!
Our test subjects: the shorts by Gus Van Sant, Alexander Payne, Olivier Assayas and Walter Salles.
Gus Van Sant’s film concerns a handsome French boy working as an English translator for an artist. After visiting a studio where his boss commissions some print work, this handsome French boy is left alone with the printmaker’s laconic assistant. The French boy pours his heart out and, eventually, gives the taciturn assistant his number. When it’s just the printmaker and his assistant, he asks, “What were you two talking about?” The assistant answers, in English, “I don’t know. I don’t speak French.” Cue the Elvis song and the slow motion running… and we’re out.
Structurally, The Van Sant film is pretty solid and his new favorite tone (that measured, aloof longing exemplified by LAST DAYS) is in full effect. Up until that penultimate moment, the short reeks of indie/high art filmmaking and that works for Gus Van Sant. Then the film is completely cheapened by a twist so predictable you’re sure he won’t go there. But he does. He sells out his own film with a payoff that’s more apropos of a 1-2 minute joke film. Imagine being taken out to a nice dinner by Gus. The two of you discuss the state of art, life, the universe, and then he hands you a tiny gift-wrapped box. You open it and inside you find a whoopee cushion. What the f**k! And as for that last moment with the Elvis song and the slow motion running, I guess Gus Van Sant wanted to do something cinematic after having two boys sit and talk for 6.5 minutes.
Olivier Assayas fares better… sorta. His film concerns a French leather clad motorcycle man that arrives at a swank party full of Americans indulging their hedonism. He asks for one girl in particular; it’s Maggie Gyllenhaal and apparently she’s an American actress in a costume drama (is he taking a jab at Kristen Dunst and the film MARIE ANTOINETTE?). She leaves with him and the mystery is thick. Is he a date, a body guard, a potential stalker? Why are they attempting small talk when they both seem so uncomfortable? They’re attracted to each other but we get the sense that they shouldn’t get together. Still, he flirts and she flirts back, albeit reluctantly yet thrilled by some sense of danger.
Back to the plot. She says she has no cash so they have to hit a cash machine. As Maggie inserts her ATM, this French motorcycle man reaches out and almost touches her hair. He holds his hand far enough so he won’t accidentally brush up against her but close enough to feel the heat radiating from her. Maggie catches him doing this in a reflection off the ATM but she says and does nothing to stop him. Maggie then hands him a large bill and he declares he has no change. Therefore, they head into a bar and order two beers to make change. At the bar, they chat, flirt and he asks for Maggie’s number, so he can visit her on set. She writes it on the back of a napkin while grinning from ear to ear. They walk back to the party, she hands him a few smaller bills and he hands her a couple packets of heroin. She’s a junkie indulging in her American hedonism completely.
Had the film ended here, I would have been ecstatic. Unfortunately…
Maggie heads up to the party. She gets high and there’s a montage of her drinking, dancing and doing drugs. Cut to the next day. Maggie is on set and acting like a brat. She heads back to her trailer, picks up the phone and calls the French leather clad motorcycle man again. She wants more smack. That night, there’s a knock at the door. Maggie rushes to open it with great expectations only to have them dashed. It’s a different French leather clad motorcycle man, and a creepy one at that. He sells her the smack and, while her back is turned, he steals her watch. We end on Maggie’s sad, disappointed face.
Mr. Assayas was doing so well. He had mystery and chemistry on his side. He handed us our surprise and it was extremely satisfying. But then he just couldn’t shut up. He overstayed his welcome and his fine short story started morphing into a long rambling tale that lost its thrust, theme and power. Did you ever see that episode of SEINFELD where George learns about the properly timed exit? It’s the episode where George is always standing up and declaring “Thank you! Good night!” after he says that one funny, insightful thing he’s capable of saying in any given situation. Apparently Olivier never saw that episode.
Alexander Payne’s film is a short travelogue narrated (in a worse-than-high-school French voice over) by a frumpy Denver postal worker. She recounts her first visit to Paris and you can’t help but laugh at her. Then, just before the end, a miracle happens. She experiences of a moment of grace and beauty and you suddenly sympathize and, more importantly, empathize with her. The warm fuzzies rush through you until you break out in a smile and you are one with the frumpy postal worker.
In what could have been a rambling mess, Alexander Payne pulls the proper emotional turn at the perfect moment. If this were a gymnastics event, say what you will about the routine but Alexander sticks the landing and that’s often the difference between contending for the medal or going back home to work in the salt mines.
Lastly, there’s Walter Salles piece. It starts out with a young Latin woman (played by the lovely and talented Catalina Sandino Moreno, aka, the future Mrs. Tony Arias) and she rushes out the door with her infant. As she drops the child off at daycare, the baby bursts into tears. The young woman sings the baby a lullaby with all the warmth and love a mother can muster. Once quiet, the young woman jumps on a series of trains and subways until she ends up in the Beverly Hills of Paris. She enters through the servant entrance and a female voice from somewhere bellows (in French) “Tonight I’ll be home an hour or two late. That’s fine, right?” With heartache written across her face, the young servant girl answers “yes.” Then, this bodiless voice of privileged and wealth slams the door as she leaves which immediately gets a baby crying. The young servant girl approaches the crib and sings this baby the same lullaby she sang to her own child, only this time there is only heartache mixed with resentment and anger for all that keeps her so far from her baby.
I almost did the end zone dance after this perfect short film. The “reveal” is absolutely on-target and it’s made all the sweeter by replaying a motif in a completely differnt context that delivers the cinematic equivalent of a knock-out punch.
Lessons to take into the creation of short films: timing your surprise/reveal/punchline is crucial (this time, later seems to be better than earlier), don’t over stay your welcome, pull proper emotional turns (low to high, as Alexander Payne does when he goes from humor to grace, works well but high to low, as Gus Van Sant does when he goes from indie cool to cheap punchline, just feels hack) and be as cinematic as possible.