Archive for the ‘Distribution’ Category

 

Filmmakers Are Dead: What – 13. August, 2009

Apologies for taking longer than expected to post the second part of this series but I found myself sidelined by a film and I must always heed that siren song.

Last time we talked about who were the two sides forming up during this indie film meltdown. Today, let’s answer the second question:

What?

Actually, I think there are two parts to this. “What happened?” and “What next?”

The first is easier to answer. After the boon of the early 90s and the rise of Miramax, everyone got into the indie film game. Distributors were no long just small New York enterprises run by film lovers armed with PhDs. No, suddenly every major west coast studio had an independent film arm: Disney acquired Miramax, New Line Cinema had Fine Line Features and then Picture House, 20th Century Fox had Fox Searchlight, Paramount had Paramount Vantage (originally known as Paramount Classics), Warner Brothers had Warner Independent, Sony had Sony Pictures Classics, Universal had Focus.

Oh, and following the Miramax model, all of these new mini-majors created genre arms to fund their indie fare. There is no way Bob and Harvey Weinstein could have made and won the Oscar for SHAKESPEARE IN LOVE without all the money generated by the SCREAM franchise (which was the most lucrative horror franchise until SAW. What was the most lucrative horror franchise before that? The NIGHTMARE ON ELM STREET series. Go Wes Craven!).

But before I start swinging my hatchet wildly, let me say that big company interest was a boon for independent filmmakers. Not only is this how someone like Tarantino got $70 million of make his version of THE DIRTY DOZEN but it also got a lot of struggling filmmakers excellent jobs as TV directors (most of that credit should go to the Barry Levinson/Tom Fontana/David Simon series HOMICIDE: LIFE ON THE STREET. Some indie directors that got to helm episodes and put food on the table as a result: Nick Gomez, Peter Medak, John McNaughton, Tim Hunter, Barbara Kopple, Ted Demme, Gary Fleder, and the list goes on). If you made a halfway decent film that got into Sundance, you stood a good chance of getting distributed plus a nice advance and maybe even a first look deal.

So what went wrong? These large companies don’t know how to do small. They can’t be nimble. They can’t big quick. They can only make things bigger and more expensive in the hopes of making more money.

That’s when these distribution arms stopped acquiring films and started making flicks of their own. Now you have little studio movies costing $5-15 million instead of less than $2 million like they should.

To make things worse, these companies started treating Oscar campaigns like arms races. They would spend millions, maybe tens of millions trying to win an Academy Award nomination (and so many millions more to actually win a statue). This bubble had to burst.

And it did. And so now we have our current state. Gone are the days of healthy advances. Today you’re lucky if you get any advance whatsoever.

So what next?

Today, indie and art film’s (I’m not talking about genre films; they still have a market) only chance to recoup an investment is to self-distribute.

What does it mean to self-distribute? It means you take your film and you sell the foreign and domestic theatrical (if you’re lucky enough to get a theatrical release), home video, cable, television and digital rights territory by territory. You sell your home video to Netflix, your cable to Starz, your television to Turner and your digital to Hulu. And then you do the same thing in the UK, Japan, Germany, Spain, Mexico, etc. By some accounts, self-distributing a film will take 1-3 years of your life.

(Is it me or did that just sound like a prison sentence?)

Other experts estimate that one should reserve 50% of their resources for marketing and distribution if you’re going the DIY route. That means if you’ve raised $100k for a film, take $50k of that and save it for marketing and distribution.

Did you stomach just drop to your knees or leap into your throat?

I know, you’re thinking “with the internet it’s easier than ever to get your film out there.” True, but with the flood of product it has become that much harder to market yourself, to make your work stand out.

Are there any advantages to self-distribution? Yes. First, you develop a direct relationship with your audience. If they like you and your work, they’re more likely to buy more of your stuff, even merchandise. Second, you reap all the reward. There’s no studio charging hotel rooms in Cannes against your net. I think if you’re a highly specialized filmmaker (say you’re the guy that only make motorcycle films) then this might be the way to go. Me, I like to play in many different genres.

Next week: When?

PS, I had no idea the New York Times and I were both writing the same article.

Filmmakers Are Dead: Who – 9. July, 2009

Okay, I’m prone to hyperbole but I’m not the only one wondering if this is a dark age for independent filmmakers or if we are at the dawn of a new golden age (probably both). According to the old guard, the sky is falling, the industry as we’ve enjoyed it is dying, party over, oops, out of time. On the other hand, forward thinking, technically-minded folk like Scott Kirsner and Lance Weiler believe that the readily available means of digital production, the internet as a distribution pipeline and social media as a primary networking/marketing tool will allow anyone, even you, to grow your own audience and take the leap from weekend hobbyest to career content creator.

Audio clip: Adobe Flash Player (version 9 or above) is required to play this audio clip. Download the latest version here. You also need to have JavaScript enabled in your browser.

Personally, while imbued with a healthy does of skepticism and prone to ranting, I’m looking for a glimmer of hope on the horizon. It is with those glasses and crash helmet that I begin this series I’m calling “Filmmakers are Dead” (we’ve talked about Dark Tony, right?). My goal is very selfish: I hope to better understand what’s going on and hopefully get your two-cents in the process. In order to give this series some structure, I’m gonna release one installment per basic reporter questions (i.e., who, what, when, where, why and how).

Welcome to the first installment:

Who?

As I’ve already mentioned, this is very much the old guard (mainstream media such as the studios, broadcasters and all those that profit from working with them under the current structure) versus forward thinking up-and-coming artists.

Allow me a tangent here (the first of many). Let’s breakdown these artists of the internet age into the major disciplines addressed by Scott in the interview above. We can safely say that the majority of internet artists are either musicians, animators or filmmakers. I’d like to permanently break filmmakers out from under this umbrella. Why?

  1. Unlike musicians or animators, filmmakers can’t make movies by themselves in their bedrooms. Filmmakers need crews, locations and actors/subjects.
  2. Films, on the whole, will always cost more than the output of musicians or animators. While Jill Sobule can hold a web-a-thon to raise $75,000 to comfortably record a very polished album, a filmmaker would need to raise anywhere from three to ten times that amount to create an equally commercially viable and polished film.
  3. Independent feature films don’t lend themselves to the internet by simple virtue of their length. According to Scott, five minutes is the longest any internet video should run (after that, viewers bounce). And again, unlike the musician who can put their full length album up as individual MP3s, the feature filmmaker can’t really present their film as a chopped up series of shorts.

Let me tackle another tangent. The popular term for filmmakers of the internet age is content creator and personally, I hate that term. I know it’s meant to expand the understood scope of what filmmakers create (features, shorts, websites, web seriesgames, ARGs, etc.) but it makes me sound like I’m some corporate shill pumping out widgets for customers. It strips the art out of what we do. Yes, I understand that one of the keys to survival under this is new model is identifying your audience and targeting them with laser like precision but that also means you need to brand and market yourself as a specific kind of content creator. You are the dude that makes motorcycle films, period. Me, I’m still exploring my artistic voice but I beleive all my works are steeped with the themes that drive me, Look at Scorsese. It doesn’t matter if he makes a period romance, a gangster flick, a horror thriller or even a music video, you can recognize his works by their themes and style. Me, I’m a filmmaker.

Now, let’s get back to the “them” that I simply described as the old guard. Yes, it’s easy to boo the major studios and broadcasters, their corporate parents and all their related media spawn but don’t we all want to play in their yard? I know we’re all in an economic crisis and I don’t know where they get the stones to say “instead of giving you a commercial with a six-figure budget we’re gonna demand a high quality product with a two week turn around but we’re only gonna give ya pizza money and we’re gonna call it a viral video, which we’re gonna post all over YouTube, Hulu, you name it, but we’re not sharing any of the profits. The exposure is your profit. BTW, since we’re the copyright holders we’re not gonna let you post it on your own website. Cool? My lawyers tell me it’s cool” but don’t we still do the job for the exposure and the pizza money? Hey, cold pizza will feed ya for most of the week. Plus, aren’t they scouting us, hazing us, testing us to see if we might be the right person to direct the webisodes based on their new Christian Slater series? I know it’s terribly unfair but…

Another tangent: I love how clients ask for viral videos. Um, you can’t make a viral video. You make a video, send it out into the world and it either becomes viral or it doesn’t. That’s for the internet to decide.

So now we have some idea of the players, their motivations and how they clash and commingle but let me leave you with this question: Unions and their members are always confronting major corporations (as they should) but how do they interface with new media? I’m not talking about television shows repurposed for the internet but rather original content. How do they (or any of us) make a living from new media, much less collect dues to pay for benefits? Before you answer so quickly, have you seen the budgets on new media programs? They’re all over the map: Joss Whedon‘s DOCTOR HORRIBLE cost in the low six figures, John August‘s THE REMNANTS cost over $25k and I know some folks that make internet shorts for less than $100 a pop. Want one union’s answer to new media? Check out SAG’s New Media Rate Sheet?

Next week: What?

New Kid In Town – 16. June, 2009

So there’s a lot of hoopla surrounding the announcement of a new independent film studio. DF Indie Studios has collected a consortium of producers with the goal of outputting up to a dozen commercially viable films with budgets as high as $10 million. Not only will they produce these quality films at the right price but they also promise theatrical distribution with complete P&A support.

Um, so what exactly is their definition of a “commercially viable film”? I’m guessing they’ll put out a grip of horror films, an action thriller or two, a handful of star-driven dramas that’ll serve as Oscar bait and some ultra-low budget comedies. How daring will they be? Well, their motto is “indie style, studio dependability” so your guess is as good as mine.

Free Beer – 13. April, 2009

… movie, that is. For the last three years I’ve been sporadically helping the documentary BEER WARS reach the finish line. Finally, it’ll see the light of day April 16 on over 400 screens across America. Go support independent film distribution then treat yourself to a tasty beer.

If you happen to live in the Los Angeles area, I got one better for ya. If you can make it to UCLA by 4:30 you can see the movie for free. Yes, I said FREE! Just click below to RSVP.

la-event-BW.jpg

I only ask one thing. When my name comes up in the credits (Lead Assistant Editor), cheer really loud. Ladies, feel free to flash your rack.

(a boy can dream, can’t he?)

Tom Petty Said It Best – 4. September, 2008

Recently, The Hollywood Reporter profiled three film by Indiewood A-listers that debuted at Cannes. According to the article, all three movies have had trouble finding distribution; one still hasn’t. Granted, I can understand the hesitation in picking up a $12-$65 million film but these guys make money, win awards and raise your company’s profile.

I guess this is the future for bigger independent film. They’re not getting snapped up in the middle of their screenings anymore. They’re waiting weeks, months, maybe even years to get picked up and put into theaters. And as we all know, the waiting is the hardest part.

Another One Bites The Dust – 23. July, 2008

I’m sure many of you have a Netflix account but how many of you knew they were a prominent distributor of independent films ranging from the Sundance smash THE PUFFY CHAIR to the Norwegian hit REPRISE to the Academy Award nominated documentary NO END IN SIGHT.  Under their Red Envelope Entertainment banner, Netflix was the white knight to many intelligent yet “mass market challenged” films.

Unfortunately, today that white knight was felled as Netflix closed their aqusition and distribution operation.  I guess Mark Gill was right, the sky is falling.  Why not take a moment to peruse the Red Envelope library and add a few titles to your queue.

Less Choice – 11. May, 2008

I don’t know why I’m on an industry news kick. I think as I inch closer towards a shoot date I can’t help but keep a watchful eye on the shrinking marketplace. Losing two studio backed indie arms hurt but now that the Independent Film Channel is buying the Sundance Channel I feel as if the truly indie films of the future are screwed.

IFC_logo.jpg

sundance_channel.jpg

If your film played festivals but never got picked up for theatrical distribution, you still had a shot at the cable market. If your film was too indie for mainstream cable (HBO, Showtime, etc.), you knew you still had a shot at IFC or the Sundance Channel. Heck, their counter offers might even drive up your licensing fee. Now it looks like that well is drying up fast.

Here’s hoping the internet arrives in way that saves all our asses.

Killing The Indie Spirit – 8. May, 2008

Recently Warner Bros. absorbed New Line Cinema, one of the last maverick independent studios, into its fold. It was expected that Warners would hang onto the New Line moniker while laying off 450 employees. Now Variety reports that Warners is closing down two of their indie arms. Say “adios” to Picturehouse and Warner Independent Pictures.

picturehouse_logo.jpg

WIP_logo.jpg

In a press release, Warners-the-Greater said that they are “confident that the spirit of independent filmmaking and the opportunity to find and give a voice to new talent will continue to have a presence” under their flagship label.

And that’s best exemplified by PS I LOVE YOU or BUCKET LIST?

New Line Flatlines – 1. March, 2008

New Line Cinema is dead. Time-Warner is folding the stand-alone unit into Warner Brother Pictures, probably as a production single ala Warner Independent.

At one time New Line was a truly independent maverick that took serious chances (mostly under production chief Michael DeLuca). Can you imagine any other studio having the balls to make BOOGIE NIGHTS, SE7EN or THE LORD OF THE RINGS as a consecutively shot trilogy with a director lacking a domestic hit?

Therefore, let’s all take a moment of silence for the house that Freddy built.

“Tech Talk: Deliverables” – Post Postproduction – 20. November, 2007

… or the myth of the $7,000 film.

(You do remember Rocky & Bullwinkle, right?)

Film Independent sought to demystify the world of deliverables with help from Patrick Canedey from ElektroFilm as well as a young lady from Lions Gate and an older woman – I think she was from Union Station Media but I forgot to write that down. I can’t speak for all in attendance but I felt like I was scared straight (regarding deliverables, that is).

Truth is, no doe-eyed filmmaker ever thinks about deliverables until they’ve sold their film at SXSW and they’re scrutinizing the contract on the plane ride home. That’s when they wonder, “why do I have to deliver 3 HD masters , 3 NTSC masters and 3 PAL masters… and why the hell do I have to pay for them out of my pocket?!”

In short, deliverables are all the materials you hand over to your distributor so they can get your movie in front of an audience. As I am no expert in this field, and as this is a highly technical topic, I’m gonna jump WAY back and explain some of the basics in very broad strokes.

HD vs SD – In a world where high definition cameras are getting cheaper (you can now buy a 24p HDV camera for just under a grand), everyone wants you to deliver an HD master. From the HD master, high quality standard definition down converts can be created. So it’s cool to deliver an Apple ProRes 422 Quick Time of your movie? No. Distributors want HDCAM SR, HDCAM or D5.

NTSC vs PAL (and sometimes SECAM) – There are different television systems throughout the world and it’s for the same reason you need that wacky converter when you want to plug your American hair blow dryer into a Parisian outlet. That’s why none of your friends can play that DVD of LOST HIGWAY you bought in England.

Speaking of DVDs, what’s the deal with regions?

(deep breath)

Regions were created to stave off piracy and to preserve the distinctions between sales territories. For now I’ll say that the US is region 1, that LOST HIGHWAY DVD is region 2, my cousins in Colombia have a region 4 player and that girl from China that keeps bugging me needs to learn that her region 6 DVDs will never work on my home system.

Plan on selling your movie to German television? Then you better have a 4×3, 1.33:1 D5 with a full M & E comp mix on channels 3 & 4 and it better not blow the IRE or the headroom.

Is your head spinning yet? Let’s explain.

4×3 refers to the size of the frame. That rinky-dink television your Grandma owns has a 4×3 frame size. The bitchin’ LCD monitor you bought with your bonus, that’s 16×9.

1.33:1 refers to the size of the image (note the distinction between frame vs image size). When your Nana watches the edited for TV version of GOODFELLAS on CBS, the image is taking up the entire frame of her television. When your Grandma borrows your re-issued DVD of GOODFELLAS, she’s gonna see black bars top and bottom. Why? Because Warner Brothers is preserving the original aspect ratio of Scorsese’s masterpiece. Why don’t you see those bars on your LCD monitor? Because your 16×9 television closely approximates the 1.85:1 aspect ratio Scorsese was working with (now some of you smart monkeys are saying, “doesn’t 16×9 = 1.78:1?” and I’m just gonna say that we’re Americans and we like making things hard for ourselves and others).

D5 refers to the tape (as opposed to HDCAM SR or HDCAM) you deliver.

Full M & E comp refers to the music and sound effects tracks that have been mixed together. Why are you delivering a mix w/ only music and effects to Germany? Because German actors are gonna dub your dialog. Hey, your German Auntie, her eyes aren’t so good anymore so she can’t really read subtitles, especially not on her rinky-dink TV. Maybe you should buy her a nicer one for Christmas… but I digress.

So why is this mix delivered on channels 3 & 4 and not 1 & 2? Because those channels have your discreet English language dialog mix (just incase the German version of IFC wants to show your film as you originally intended).

IRE & Headroom refer to brightness and loudness tolerances. If your image is too bright or the sound is so loud it distorts, your German television distributor will return your tape and refuse to pay you until you fix these issues.

I know this seems overwhelming but it’s important to remember that you’re not done once you lock picture or mix your sound. There is a post postproduction to consider.

As for the myth of the $7,000 film, I hope it’s dawned on you that $7,000 might be enough to lock picture or even mix your sound but all these additional deliverables can really add up. Most $7,000 films incur $50k-$200k in additional costs and that’s coming out of your advance. But, as suggested in my triangle of independent filmmaking, if you have time and you plan ahead, you can keep these costs reasonable.

Enough of my geek ramblings. Go out and make a film! :)